All questions
5
Q1
Why are forests and wildlife important for human life and ecosystems?
Forests and wildlife maintain ecological balance by supporting biodiversity, climate regulation, water cycles, soil protection, and livelihood needs. They provide resources such as fuel, fodder, medicines, raw materials, and cultural value while also supporting food chains and habitats.
Q2
What are the main causes of depletion of flora and fauna in India?
Flora and fauna are depleted by habitat destruction, agricultural expansion, commercial forestry, mining, river valley projects, hunting, poaching, forest fires, overgrazing, and pollution. Development projects can fragment habitats, while illegal trade threatens rare species directly.
Q3
Explain endangered, vulnerable, rare, endemic, and extinct species.
Endangered species face serious danger of extinction. Vulnerable species may become endangered if harmful factors continue. Rare species have small populations. Endemic species are found only in a particular region. Extinct species no longer exist in the area or on Earth.
Q4
Describe major steps taken to conserve forests and wildlife.
Conservation steps include the Wildlife Protection Act, national parks, wildlife sanctuaries, biosphere reserves, species protection projects, community reserves, restrictions on hunting, and awareness programmes. Conservation also requires local participation so that forest protection and livelihoods support each other.
Q5
How do local communities contribute to forest and wildlife conservation?
Local communities conserve forests through sacred groves, community protection movements, controlled use of forest produce, and resistance to destructive extraction. When communities depend on forests, their participation can protect biodiversity more effectively than top-down rules alone.