Questions
5
Q1
What is federalism?
Federalism is a system of government in which power is divided between a central authority and constituent units such as states. Both levels have their own jurisdiction, and the Constitution specifies their powers.
Q2
List the key features of federalism.
Federalism has two or more levels of government, separate jurisdictions, constitutional division of powers, independent courts to interpret the Constitution, financial autonomy, and rules that cannot be changed unilaterally by one level.
Q3
How does India practise federalism?
India practises federalism through a Union government, state governments, and local governments. Powers are divided into Union, State, and Concurrent Lists, while language policy, decentralisation, and coalition politics have strengthened federal practice.
Q4
Why is decentralisation important?
Decentralisation transfers power from central and state governments to local bodies. It brings decision-making closer to people, improves participation, addresses local needs better, and strengthens democracy at the grassroots.
Q5
How has language policy helped Indian federalism?
India did not impose one language as the only national language. Hindi was identified as an official language, but states could use their own official languages. This flexible approach helped respect diversity and reduce language-based conflict.