Chapter 10 · Question 5

Prove that in two concentric circles, the chord of the larger circle which touches the smaller circle is bisected at the point of contact.

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Q5

Prove that in two concentric circles, the chord of the larger circle which touches the smaller circle is bisected at the point of contact.

Answer Revealed
Direct Answer:
Let two concentric circles C1C_1 (larger) and C2C_2 (smaller) have common centre OO. Let chord ABAB of C1C_1 touch C2C_2 at point PP. Join OPOP. Since ABAB is a tangent to C2C_2 at PP, by Theorem 10.1, OPABOP \perp AB. Now OPOP is the perpendicular from the centre OO to the chord ABAB of C1C_1. The perpendicular from the centre of a circle to a chord bisects the chord. Therefore, AP=BPAP = BP.

Simple Explanation

The chord of the larger circle that touches the smaller circle gets cut exactly in half at the point where it touches. This happens because the line from the centre to that touching point is perpendicular to the chord, and a perpendicular from the centre to any chord always bisects it.

Exam-Ready Structure

Given: Two concentric circles C1C_1 (outer) and C2C_2 (inner) with common centre OO. A chord ABAB of C1C_1 touches C2C_2 at point PP. To Prove: AP=BPAP = BP (the chord is bisected at PP). Construction: Join OPOP. Proof: Since ABAB is a tangent to the smaller circle C2C_2 at point PP, and OPOP is the radius of C2C_2 through PP, by Theorem 10.1, OPABOP \perp AB. Now, in the larger circle C1C_1, ABAB is a chord and OPOP is the perpendicular drawn from the centre OO to this chord. A property from Class IX states: The perpendicular from the centre of a circle to a chord bisects the chord. Therefore, AP=BPAP = BP. Hence, the chord of the larger circle is bisected at the point of contact with the smaller circle.

Key Points

  • Two concentric circles: common centre O
  • Chord AB of larger circle touches smaller circle at P
  • OP ⟂ AB (Theorem 10.1, tangent to smaller circle)
  • Perpendicular from centre to chord bisects the chord
  • Therefore AP = BP